Landscape fragmentation describes the emergence of gaps in long-standing ecological networks of spatially connected landscapes. The main causes of such fragmentation are linear structures created by man (in particular roads, railway lines and pipelines) which create barriers. These also have repercussions in terms of barrier effects, increased emissions and likelihood of injury (vehicle collisions) as well as aesthetic impairments.
[Source: Jaeger, Jochen; Grau, Stephanie & Haber, Wolfgang: Einführung: Landschaftszerschneidung und die Folgen. - In: GAIA 14 (2005) 2, 98]